Category: Uncategorized

R. MATUZ , CS. MÁTHÉ

Understanding the environmental impact of air transport is an important objective in establishing sustainable transportation, as well as in shaping the future of aviation. In this study, we attempted to determine the greenhouse gas emissions associated with the activities of the Romanian airline TAROM in recent years. The COVID-19 pandemic placed the aviation sector in a critical situation worldwide, and the post-crisis period has also presented numerous challenges for airlines. Improving competitiveness, achieving profitable operations, and, not least, ensuring the most environmentally friendly operation possible pose significant challenges for airlines. A key question is to what extent air transport can become sustainable and what decisions and developments are necessary to achieve this goal. To answer this, it is essential to first map out aviation emissions at both the national and airline levels. The case of TAROM illustrates well that the specific emissions (emissions per passenger) can show considerable variability from year to year, depending on factors such as the types of aircraft used, the routes operated, the average load factor of flights, and the emission reduction measures implemented at the corporate level.

Key words: GHG emission, CO₂ emission, TAROM, airline, air transportation impact

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MARIA JULIA PETRE

ABSTRACT – Assessment of The UTCI and HSI Biometeorological Indices for Constanța and Tulcea. The present work aims to make a contribution to raising the level of awareness regarding the influence of environmental factors on the human community, by calculating two biometeorological indices, namely Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) and Heat Stress Index (HSI), which provide quantitative assessments of the thermal stress experienced by human populations in the examined region. Therefore, using the Bioklima software, the two biometeorological indices were calculated based on meteorological parameters recorded at the Constanța and Tulcea meteorological stations during the period from 2016 to 2022. Consequently, the results obtained based on the analysis of the extreme values of the UTCI index, indicate “no thermal stress” as the category of thermal comfort with the highest frequency during the studied years, at both stations. At the same time, the maximum HSI values suggest that the thermal comfort category “slight and moderate heat stress” was the most prevalent during the analyzed period at the Constanța meteorological station, while at Tulcea the most frequent thermal comfort category was “slight cool stress”. It is noteworthy that, although these desirable thermal comfort categories were predominant, categories illustrating weather conditions that pose a threat to the health of organisms (particularly humans) were also recorded during the studied years.

Key words: Bioklima, bioclimatic index, climate changes, HSI, thermal comfort, thermal stress, UTCI.

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The main purpose of the study is to analyze the conditions and impact of severe weather phenomena in Sălaj and Maramureș counties. A supercell storm that crossed a significant part of the mentioned area in the 28th May 2019’s afternoon, also affecting Zalău and Baia Mare was chosen as a case study through its impact and severe threats that occurred, leaving many damages over the area. The analyzed phenomena are convective, generated by Cumulonimbus clouds with a considerable vertical extent. Synoptic and mesoscale conditions were determined using the specific methods of investigation (charts of sea level pressure, geopotential height, temperature and humidity, atmospheric soundings, different stability indices, vertical wind shear, infrared and visible satellite images and radar images of convective storms). The main findings are: synoptic conditions were determined by low values of atmospheric pressure at the surface and by the atmospheric depressions, while in the middle troposphere, an atmospheric trough was present; mesoscale conditions presented: elevated values of Convective Available Potential Energy, negative values of Lifted Index, and strong wind shear in the 0-3 km layer.

ABSTRACT. – The main purpose of the present paper is to explore the current state of knowledge upon the occurrence and impacts of vegetation fires in Romania and to make a brief report on the sources of data concerning such events, in order to pave the road for further, more detailed studies upon the occurrence of vegetation fires in Romania. Using satellite images-based applications available at EFFIS we could observe that Romania is indeed impacted by many fire events every year. In addition, we worked with a large database provided by the General Inspectorate for Emergency Situations, that includes over 150,000 entries, regarding interventions of fire brigades on vegetation fires in Romania. Among other aspects, these data showed that the main regions for such interventions were the southern and western parts of the country and that the monthly occurrence of such events corresponds to timeframes typical for clearing agricultural lands.

Keywords: vegetation fire, land use, agriculture, impact, Romania.

PAULA CODREA, I.H., HOLOBÂCĂ, I.A., IRIMUȘ, L. B-BÁLINT

ABSTRACT. Soil erosion caused by raindrops is a topic that arouses the interest of researchers at the international level. The negative impact that this meteorological phenomenon has on the edaphic component determines a limited development of the zone or area on which the entire research process takes place. In order to arrive at an analysis consistent with the reality on the ground, many researchers have used an essential indicator, namely, the R-Factor. It highlights the action of the kinetic energy produced by precipitation over a period of time. The purpose of our research is to reveal the degree of soil erosion following raindrops, with the Someșan Plateau situated in North-West Romania as a study area. The spatio-temporal analysis consisted in the processing of the ESDAC (European Soil Data Centre) databases that were outlined following the application of the R-factor indicator, on which we applied GIS techniques, in order to finally obtain cartographic material that reveals on the basis of several analysis indices, the degree of soil erosion in a time interval (1970-2018). The notable results that we obtained after processing the data, outline the fact that during the analyzed period a low amount of precipitation is recorded, an aspect that creates a low degree of erosion. Regarding the probability of producing erosion determined by this meteorological phenomenon, the values obtained are reduced far below the normal values of the analyzed indicators, highlighting that the probability of producing a high-risk erosion in the near future is zero.The results of our research, including the entire cartographic material, will be able to be used by the competent authorities (the town hall of Bălan commune, the county councilas) as a basis for spatial development projects

Key words: soil erosion, degradation, rain drops, R-factor, indicators, Someșan Plateau, Romania

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