THE EFFECT OF THE EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS EXERTED ONTO THE GROUNDWATER LEVELS WITHIN THE KALOCSAI-SÁRKÖZ AREA
J. SZALAI, GY. NAGY
ABSTRACT. – The effect of the extreme weather events exerted onto the groundwater levels within the Kalocsai-Sárköz area. The effect of the past years’ extreme weather events was reflected by the variation of the groundwater levels, too. However the changes showed significant differences considering the areas. The year 2012 was characterised by the fact that the groundwater level changes appeared in areas for which there was no such example in the past decades and due to which absolute minimum levels had formed by the autumn of 2012. Simultaneously due to the fast increase of the water-level that occurred in spring of 2013 there were absolute maximums in the neighbourhood of some monitoring wells. The Kalocsai-Sárköz area does also belong to this category. This phenomenon drew the attention to the fact that regarding a small area with such specific features like the Kalocsai-Sárköz there is a new risk factor compared to the experience of the past decades: this is the extreme variation of the groundwater level. Thus it is a must to perform a complex analysis of the groundwater level, with an approach and methodology of taking also into consideration the environmental variables and the background factors. In the thesis we are presenting the results obtained when revealing the connections between the variation of the environmental variables and background factors as well as the time-series of the groundwater levels.
Key words: alluvial plain, groundwater, monitoring well, environmental variables, background effects, risk