RISCURILE GEOMORFICE ŞI PLANNINGUL TERITORIAL. APLICAŢIE ÎN PERIURBANUL MUNICIPIULUI BISTRIŢA
I.– A. IRIMUŞ
ABSTRACT. - Geomorphic Risks and Land-Use Planning. Application in the Suburbs of Bistrita. The Risk, as a probable phenomenon that produces and that inevitably will lead to material losses and considerable human deaths presents different approaches in the national and international geographic literature, being associated, in general, to the durable development and the territorial planning. The activity of territorial planning is defined by three different types of activities: the diagnose of the geographical space (the inventory of the facts, actions, events, phenomena, socio- human and natural processes), the prognosis of the development or future evolution of the phenomena, processes (the stability or instability of some territories, from the tectonic, morpho-dynamic, socio- economical, socio-political, etc. point of view ) and the cartographic projection of the territorial dimension of the antropic impact (maps of exploitation of the geographical space, maps of using the territory, maps of planning the zonal and regional urbanization). The SWOT analysis of the region has outlined some objectives specific for the diminishing the risks and the durable planning of the territory, which implies: the stabilization of the hillsides affected by contemporary geomorphologic processes determined by natural precipitations, the oscillations of the freatic level through: the improvement of the natural drainage and agro- pedo- ameliorative works; the collection of the coast springs; the remaking of the surfaces with trees abandoned in the last 15 years; the disposal of the natural causes that lead to the acceleration of the torrential erosion: the remaking of the forestry fond, the compactisation of the vegetal carpet through seeding with mixtures of small graminaceae, to be able to attenuate the leaking and disorganize the torrential flow in the hillsides; the disposal of the antropic causes that lead to: the acceleration of the torrential erosion and the presence of the processes of settlement; making the map of the environmental risk and of a plan of measures to strengthen the “strong” points (the SWOT analysis) of the periurban area through the reintroduction in the economical circuit and the terrains with geomorphical restrictivity; making the map of the state of the periurban environment of Bistrita (natural risks- measures of protection and conservation- the checking of the disfunctionalities).