RISCURILE GENERATE DE ACTIVITĂŢILE MINIERE ÎN PERIMETRUL EXPLOATĂRII ROŞIA MONTANĂ – IMPLICAŢII HIDRICE ENVIRONMENTALE
ABSTRACT. – Risks generated by mining activities from Roşia Montană Ore Field – Environmental Hydric Implications. The mining industry introduces in the environment a large quantity of waste, which affects all his components. The Roşia Montană Gold Mine is considered to be one of the most important and well-known mining areas in Transylvania, due both to the exploitable ore to be found there, but, unfortunately, to the major effects induced to the environmental components. The biggest unbalanced phenomena are produce at the hydric component level, concerning water turbidity, colour and taste changes, solved oxygen quantity diminution, pH and water transparency etc. Wastewater settling tanks are surrounded areas, situated on lower fields, along the valleys. That is where the sediments resulting from the mining technology are accumulated. These sediments consist of chemical oxide reactives, metallic elements, all being characterized by high caolinized content. The activities related to the mining, transportation and processing of the ore have a strong impact not only on the surroundings, they affecting a much more extended area, as well. The analysis of the present environmental state in this region, will be elaborated by monitoring the way in which the industrial elements and the environmental components interact and the level of their interaction. Within the context of near future major investments in this region, the prognosis of this interaction should lead to the working out of best solutions in the implementing of sustainable development strategies in the studied mining area.