RISCURI ŞI IMPACT ÎN AMENAJAREA TURISTICĂ A SPAŢIULUI MONTAN
ABSTRACT. – Risks and Impact in the Touristic Arrangement of Mountainous Space. The first part of the paper spotlights the succession of the phases of touristic arrangement of the geographical space from the phase 0 of pretourism to the final phase, of saturation, highlighting successively the gradual entrance in the subject of interest, the external perception, the adaptation of the autochthonous menthality of the population, the progressive equipment and often agressive in the last phases, all followed by previsible and potential stagnations or even regresses. Subsequently, the phases of mountain’s “conquering” are emphasized both spatially and altitudinally, as a result of the ways of communication and means of transport diversifying and modernizing. Concomitantly, the touristical motivations are materialized, from the most diverse ones, through the turning into account of a more and more varied gamma of natural resources of mountain, climatism, thermalism, the landscape component of relief and, through holding more categories, the relief and snow, by winter sports’ practising. This tendency is followed by a complex arrangement of the mountain, through the development of some systems of resorts, cumulating tens and even hundreds of thousand of receiving places, having large ski areas arranged in tracks and routes of ski in the area of influence and means of transport on cable. This whole arrangement attracts yearly millions of tourists who turn into account these arrangements, these whole together having profound and lasting effects, with an often contradictory character upon the mountainous space. They also display multiple risks with a long lasting impact with an economic, geodemographic, environmental character.